天装战队护星者

How a Chinese game scholar connects ancient texts with modern play_我的网站

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    Liu Mengfei at Beijing's Homoludens Archive Photo: Courtesy of Liu Mengfei
Inside Beijing's Homoludens Archive, shelves are filled with books, game consoles, game cartridges and other materials tracing the history of video games. For Liu Mengfei, the archive's director and chair of the academic committee of the Gamification Professional Committee, these collections preserve more than the evolution of games, they also capture the cultural memories of a generation.
A PhD in history from Tsinghua University, Liu has spent more than a decade studying the social impact of games, the role of games in history and digital humanities. Throughout her career, she has continued to explore the relationship between games and people: Why do humans create games? And how do games shape culture and society?
Books, meanwhile, have been an important gateway through which Liu has come to understand the world of games.
"The real value of a book lies not simply in what it tells you, but in whether it can change the way you understand the world and people," Liu told the Global Times.
Books meet games

In 2007, being an undergraduate history student, Liu wrote her thesis on the links between ancient Celtic religion and modern digital games.
To study original sources such as The Gallic War by Roman author Julius Caesar, she taught herself Latin. As her research extended into modern games, she also began reading the rulebooks of Dungeons & Dragons, a tabletop role-playing game.
"From historical texts to game rulebooks, these reading experiences seemed to belong to completely different worlds, but they gradually led me to realize that games are not simply entertainment products. They also contain history, culture and the relationships between people and society," she said.
Later, Homo Ludens, by Dutch historian Johan Huizinga, further transformed the way she understood games. The book gives a theory that humans are not only Homo sapiens, or "rational beings," but also Homo ludens, or "playing beings," and that games are deeply intertwined with human culture, from language and art to religious rituals and sports.
The book had a profound influence on her. It points out that the foundations of human society — language, civilization, religious rituals, sports and art, are all connected to play and games, because we are Homo ludens, "the playing human."
"The idea prompted me to view games from a broader perspective," Liu said. "Games are not an appendage outside human civilization, but are deeply connected to cultural creation and social life." 
"It also showed me that games and game-based thinking could extend into broader fields, including education and technology," she added.
She later read other works on game studies, including Play Between Worlds: Exploring Online Game Culture, Half-Real and Rules of Play Game Design Fundamentals. Play Between Worlds, in particular, opened up another possibility for game studies at a time when discussions about "internet addiction" were prevalent in China.
"Games are not simply a form of entertainment that needs to be restricted or criticize;. they can also serve as important media for storytelling, cultural expression and exploring relationships," she said.
These reading experiences gradually shifted Liu's focus from simply asking "What are games?" to a deeper question: What can games bring to people?
Beyond time and technology
Periodically, Liu still returns to Homo Ludens in her free time, finding new insights from the book as society changes. In the age of artificial intelligence, she has revisited one of its fundamental questions: As AI becomes increasingly capable of handling repetitive tasks and surpasses humans in efficiency, what does it mean to be human?
"As AI takes over more monotonous and repetitive work, the time freed up should be devoted to creativity, experience and human relationships," she said. "The time we gain should actually be used to become better at 'playing humans.'" 
For Liu, this also requires people to maintain their ability to think, imagine and reflect -- abilities that cannot be gained through simply receiving information. This has also prompted her to reconsider the meaning of reading.
In an era when AI can quickly summarize an entire book, Liu believes people still need to read the original works in full, because the value of reading lies in more than simply acquiring knowledge and conclusions.
"Reading a book is like a form of cultivation. You have to immerse yourself in it, patiently allow the author to take you on a journey, and find your own island along the way," she said.
For Liu, the value of reading is not limited to books on paper. As media evolve, so do the ways people encounter stories and understand culture. Some digital works are now becoming new vehicles for reading.
Chinese-developed games such as Genshin Impact contain hundreds of thousands, and even more than a million Chinese characters of text, while Black Myth: Wukong uses its "Journal" system to tell the stories of individual monsters through written entries. 
"Digital games are carrying forward traditions inherited from literature and film, becoming new gateways, through which young people can enter the worlds of literature, history and traditional culture," she said.
"An important reason why Black Myth: Wukong has succeeded in communicating Chinese culture is that it does not simply insert traditional cultural symbols into a game. Instead, it draws on the original Journey to the West, contemporary works inspired by the classic, as well as the game's own rules and interactions, allowing players to develop a new understanding of traditional culture through their actions," she noted.
For Liu, the forms of reading may change, but the desire to understand the world and discover oneself will not. From books to digital worlds, what matters is not only what people read or play, but how they think, create and find meaning through these experiences.
。          　　自2025年11月10日起，HPV疫苗纳入国家免疫规划。国家疾控局等部门明确，2011年11月10日以后出生、年满13周岁的女孩，可免费接种2剂次双价HPV疫苗。

二 |      　　临近开学，很多家长都收到了地方疾控部门或学校发出的接种HPV疫苗的提示消息。一些家长对此也有顾虑，HPV疫苗必须接种吗?为何要将疫苗接种年龄划定为年满13周岁?近期，国家疾控局持续对相关问题进行答疑。     　　去年，我国将人乳头瘤病毒疫苗(即HPV疫苗)纳入国家免疫规划，自此，预防宫颈癌从“个人选择”走向“全民防护”。     　　接种HPV疫苗有何作用?简单来说，这是有科学证据证明的阻断宫颈癌发病最有效、最经济的一级防护措施。

三 | 中国疾病预防控制中心研究员王富珍介绍，绝大多数(99%)的宫颈癌发病都与高危型HPV持续感染密切相关。对适龄人群接种HPV疫苗可有效降低宫颈癌患病风险。     　　根据国家癌症中心数据，我国宫颈癌新发和死亡病例仍处于较高水平。

四 | 以2022年为例，当年我国宫颈癌新发病例超过15万例，死亡病例达到5.6万例，相当于近10分钟就有一名女性因宫颈癌离世。

五 | 同时，近20年来我国宫颈癌的发病率呈上升且年轻化的趋势，部分病例甚至出现在20多岁未育女性中。

六 |      　　有家长提出顾虑，13岁年龄太小，孩子大一点再打疫苗也不迟。对此，专家表示，确定13周岁为接种目标年龄，是因为该年龄段免疫应答效果较好。当前我国女性HPV感染率按年龄呈“双峰”分布，其中第一个高峰在17-24岁。中国疾病预防控制中心免疫规划中心副主任安志杰表示，在首次暴露前接种疫苗能形成最佳的保护效果。     　　安志杰：从感染风险来看，HPV主要通过性行为感染，因此在感染几率增大之前进行HPV疫苗接种，可以获得更好的保护效果，最大限度发挥疫苗预防HPV感染的作用。从免疫效果来看，相关研究表明，9~14岁女孩接种HPV疫苗产生的抗体水平是15岁以上人群的两倍以上。因此在13周岁接种HPV疫苗，可以获得更高的抗体水平和更持久的保护效果。     　　专家建议，在适龄阶段早接种可形成长效免疫记忆，防护效力至少维持10年以上，宫颈癌发展周期长，提前接种才能从源头阻断感染。     　　近期，一些社交平台上出现“金秋入学将查验学生HPV疫苗接种情况，未接种不能入学”的帖子。对此，国家疾控局表示，HPV疫苗接种情况已纳入部分地区入学查验范围，但是否完成接种不会影响孩子入学。     　　国家疾控局表示，按照《儿童入托、入学预防接种证查验办法》开展预防接种证查验工作并非新设制度，而是依据《中华人民共和国传染病防治法》《中华人民共和国疫苗管理法》长期执行的常规程序，旨在核实接种情况、提醒补种。HPV疫苗作为新纳入国家免疫规划的品种，在入学阶段对预防接种证进行查验是正常调整。但完成接种并非入学前置条件，未接种或未完成接种的学生不影响正常入学。

七 |      　　王富珍介绍，家长可按照学校查验给出的健康提示及时给孩子进行接种。     　　国家疾控局提示，各地接种单位常态化开展免疫规划疫苗查漏补种工作。符合年龄要求的适龄女孩，如因故未能在规定时间内接种免费HPV疫苗，可在18周岁前到辖区接种点申请补种。     　　目前，国内市场上HPV疫苗有双价、四价、九价等多种价次。有家长担忧，纳入国家免疫规划的双价HPV疫苗不如其他价次疫苗效果好;已经完成四价或九价HPV疫苗全程接种，还需要再接种免费双价疫苗吗?疫苗接种过程中需要关注哪些问题?      　　目前，我国已上市的双价、四价、九价HPV疫苗的核心区别在于预防的病毒型号数量和覆盖的疾病范围不同。“价”代表疫苗能预防的HPV病毒亚型种类。选择接种四价或九价HPV疫苗的家长多看中其可防护更多型别的HPV病毒。

八 |      　　专家表示，双价HPV疫苗主要针对的HPV16和18型别病毒，是我国宫颈癌发病的元凶，可有效预防70%以上的宫颈癌发病。四价、九价HPV疫苗除了预防宫颈癌之外，也能够预防尖锐湿疣等疾病，家长可以综合考虑后进行选择。自费接种四价、九价HPV疫苗后，也视同完成国家免疫规划疫苗的接种。     　　中国疾病预防控制中心免疫规划首席专家王华庆介绍，双价HPV疫苗实施2剂次免疫程序，接种间隔是6个月。     　　王华庆：双价HPV疫苗完成首剂接种后间隔半年接种第二剂次，间隔期最好不要超过一年。许多临床研究证据证明HPV疫苗和其他疫苗，如甲肝疫苗、乙肝疫苗、百白破疫苗、脊髓灰质炎疫苗、流脑疫苗等同时接种，没有发现有效性降低，安全性风险增加的情景。

九 | 因此国际共识是HPV疫苗可以与其他疫苗同时接种，但需要注意的是同时接种要选择不同的部位，如左上臂接种HPV疫苗，右上臂接种其他类疫苗。

十 |      　　专家同时提醒，HPV疫苗对已经发生的病毒感染无清除作用;北京协和医院妇产科学系主任医师朱兰表示，在接种疫苗后，仍建议女性定期进行宫颈癌筛查。     　　朱兰：HPV疫苗属于预防性疫苗，不能清除已存在的HPV感染，也不能阻止已有病变的进展，所以仍需要定期筛查。如果确定为宫颈癌前病变的患者，可以通过及早的临床治疗，健康管理和康复支持等措施，减少宫颈癌导致死亡的可能，提高患者的生存质量。

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Published on:10:06:05